Personal Reflection - 786 Words

My Reflection Paper As relational human beings, people communicate with each other both verbally and nonverbally. Therefore, communication constitutes an important and unavoidable aspect of one’s daily life. Because of communication’s importance, it is beneficial for individuals to investigate their own communication strengths and weaknesses. When people become aware of personal communication weakness, it enables them to take useful measures to improve their communication effectiveness. Thus, in this paper, I will explore my own personal communication strengths and weakness and develop strategies to improve my communication with others. First, I have several communication strengths. Being a sensitive introvert, I am aware of my own†¦show more content†¦Ultimately, my communication strengths allow me to understand myself and others better and aid me in communication with others. Although I have communication strengths, I struggle with several communication weaknesses. First, being a sensitive introvert, I sometimes remain excessively concerned of others’ opinions of me. Using my nonverbal reading ability, I occasionally misinterpret or over think people’s gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice. Overthinking nonverbal ques from others can make me worry unnecessarily. Thus, psychological noises from my perceptions can distract me during conversations and prevent me from listening to the other individual. In addition, I sometimes struggle communicating verbally with others for several reasons. The first reason why I struggle in verbal communication is because I can find it difficult to encode my own abstract thoughts and emotions clearly in words. Another reason why I am hesitant to express myself verbally is because I am afraid of being misunderstood or offending others. This leads me to put conscious effort to keep many of my own though ts and ideas to myself and limit sharing information verbally and nonverbally with others. Also, I avoid encoding my thoughts into verbal messages because I am afraid of revealing too much about myself to others who might want to use my words against me. Overall, some of theShow MoreRelatedPersonal Reflection756 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal reflections are characterized as learning through experience in gaining new insights and changed perception of self and practices. Reflection can be a difficult experience without the support and guidance of an expert (Johns, 2004). This personal reflection presents an exciting opportunity for me to consider how successful my placement in the intermediate care has been in terms of my own personal learning. By reflecting on the positive aspects of the placement, I will be able to make senseRead MorePersonal Reflection And Development Plan1431 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Reflection and Development Plan Reflective practice has helped many people to improve their learning. It is a valuable tool often used by healthcare and education providers to improve their approach to work by questioning their actions. Throughout my short time spent in Higher Education (HE) I have learned many new aspects of learning like different learning styles and models of reflection and this provides me with an opportunity to look back over these ideas and reflect. This will allowRead MoreReflection Of My Own Personal Development1637 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen established that reflection is a generic term for intellectual and effective activities, in which individuals examine their experiences, in order to develop new understanding and intrapersonal appreciation (Knowles, et al., 2006). Research in this field has advocated reflective practice as an approach to professional development which positively impacts coaching effectiveness (Cropley, et al., 2012). This reflective report shall discuss, analyse and ev aluate my own personal development throughoutRead MorePersonal Reflection Paper1371 Words   |  6 PagesThat is why Id like to take the time to explain a few important topics on invidious comparison and vicarious traumatization, such as; how to stop invidious comparison, identify strategies that I currently use to avoid vicarious traumatization in my personal life, how those strategies will help me avoid vicarious traumatization as a human service worker and what strategies I could develop to avoid it as well. I myself have compared myself to others at such a level that it did damage to my own self-esteemRead MorePsychology Personal Reflection Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesCemetery Visit Death comes to everyone human being living on the planet. I view death in two ways the first one is a long-lived life where the person enjoyed their life and die of natural causes. The second one is a short-lived life they did not get to enjoy the life to which it was given to but taken away by an unforeseen cause. Visiting this cemetery brings me sadness and a eerie feeling, the weather is overcast cloudy and very cold, I can see sun rays ahead of me peaking throughRead MorePersonal Reflection Paper on Health Dimension Goals1109 Words   |  5 Pagestime management skills, and maintaining a life balance of both my academics and my social life. Physical wellness doesn’t only involve aspects of life that are necessary to keep yourself in top condition, but it is also concerned with developing personal responsibility for your own health care. Working out, together with eating well isn’t all you need to do to achieve physical wellness. You must also sleep the recommend hours of sleep and receive regular check ups for you Physician. The physicalRead MoreReflection On Personal Reflection1307 Words   |  6 PagesPERSONAL REFLECTION 2 PERSONAL NARRATIVE This assignment seems to be the most difficult to write because it will encompass a wealth of information. The most important part of this assignment is the opportunity to reflect on the course assignments and the impact this foundational base will have for future classes. Every event in life has to start somewhere and this start sets the stage forRead MorePersonal Reflection1034 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Reflection I am very proud of myself for completing my master’s degree this past May. This is my highest educational accomplishment thus far. Also, I feel blessed for my job as a Spanish teacher at Jackson Elementary. Working in a Title I school district has given me the chance to develop new strategies and skills to meet of disadvantaged, at-risk students. Nonetheless, one of my aspirations is also to be an ESL teacher, so I can help English language learners and assist new immigrantsRead MorePersonal Reflection1209 Words   |  5 PagesInterview and Personal Reflection When I arrived at the agency, the room was crowded and many people were waiting for their turned to be served at one of the several tables. The person that I interviewed for this assignment was Emily Hampshire, the coordinator of one of a program called 180. Emily has been with the agency for over a year and is currently the coordinator of the agency’s newest program. This program is a gang prevention and intervention program and was created for the local at-riskRead MorePersonal Reflection1710 Words   |  7 PagesThis reflection will discuss personal diffidence and how it has influenced my academic studies, including my practice within placement settings. Gibbs reflective cycle (Gibbs, 1998) has been utilised as it illustrates a clear structure for the process of reflection. To conclude this reflection will draw together the themes which have emerged and highlight a clear action for future learning that will be used in order to enhance my future practice. Within my previous occupation as a health care assistant

The Prohibition Of Alcohol During The 1920s - 1318 Words

Following the First World War, Canadian provincial governments caved to decades of pressure from moralistic activist groups like the Temperance Movement and completely eradicated the alcohol industry: the manufacturing, distribution, and selling of liquor was now illegal. This so-called prohibition, which occurred alongside similar events in the U.S., was supposed to greatly improve society by eliminating the source of all of its evils – drunkenness – but instead was one of the greatest political blunders in North American history. Canada’s prohibition of alcohol in the 1920s was a catastrophic failure, giving rise to organized crime and a lasting mindset of subversiveness in the public without even achieving its intended purpose. Although the â€Å"Noble Experiment† (Hoover, Herbert, 1928) was effected in Canada by popular vote in the early 1910s, the rapidly-ensuing plebiscites repealing the law serve as the first empirical proof that the experiment was unsuccessful. This essay will discuss that testament to prohibition’s failure, along with the explosion in violent organized crime that occurred under it and the lingering distaste for government substance control it left on Canadian citizens. There is undeniable evidence in Canada’s past that Prohibition failed. Namely, the fact that Prohibition was repealed with greater speed and fervour from the public than that with which it was enacted. The law, which the Temperance Movement’s leaders assumed would be a permanent changeShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Alcohol On Crime Rate During The Prohibition Of 19201871 Words   |  8 Pages Alcohol: The Governments Role In The Prohibition Of 1920 To 1933 ABSTRACT From 1920-33, a mandate under the 18th amendment prohibited the distribution and consumption of alcohol in the United States of America. During this period, the number of federal convicts increased by 561% as well as organized crime among mafia and gangs. This leads to questioning the extent to which government health restrictions increased crime rate during the Prohibition of 1920-1933. To assess this topic, IRead More The American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920s Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesThe American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920s The prohibition of alcohol in the United States lasted from 1920 until 1932. The movement began in the late nineteenth century, and was fueled by the formation of the Anti-Saloon League in 1893 (Why Prohibition?). This league and other anti-alcohol organizations, began to succeed in establishing local prohibition laws. By the 1920s prohibition was a national effort. The prohibition movement was aimed primarily at closing saloons. SaloonsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1506 Words   |  7 PagesPeople of the 1920s used Prohibition to get ahead in society by selling alcohol illegally. F. Scott Fitzgerald, wrote, The Great Gatsby, which takes place in Long Island, near New York City, during the 1920s. In the novel, the main character, Jay Gatsby, is a successful man who has participated in shady businesses to get what he wants. In, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald portrays the corruption of American society using Prohibition and how it brought about the rise of organized crime in the 1920s. First,Read MoreProhibition in America: The Rights of Individuals vs. the Responsibilities of a Nation 1612 Words   |  7 Pages PROHIBITION IN AMERICA The Rights of Individuals vs. the Responsibilities of a Nation â€Æ' The 18th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of alcoholic beverages† . This historical, yet short era, known as â€Å"Prohibition†, set an example that is still referred to today. As people scrambled all around the country trying to illegally obtain alcohol, the country was once again in a state of chaos. As part of a Christian based temperanceRead MoreThe Street Empire916 Words   |  4 Pagesshare of economic prosperity, but none as thriving as the 1920s era, labeled the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†. The 1920s era saw great political and social change to the United States society. The US economy blossomed, and the nations total wealth more than doubled in the 1920s era. As a result of this social and political change as well as the success of the economy, transformed many Americans into a consumer society. The great economic success during the time period also created an excess of money to spend Read MoreForbidden Love in The Great Gatsby1361 Words   |  6 PagesMany people in the 1920s lived very extravagant lives. The time of the â€Å"Jazz Age† or the â€Å"Roaring 20s† where girls were flappers and the men were bootleggers. People loved to have fun and be carefree. However, alcohol dependence was becoming a problem and many started realizing that. Taking action to stop this was the hard part. Alcohol was corrupting the 1920s even though some did not recognize it. In the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald displays the corruption during the 1902s through his mainRead MoreHow did the Prohibition Change the United States of America (USA)? And why was it a failure?1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe word Prohibition as stated in the World Book encyclopaedia refers to laws that are designed to prevent the drinking of alcoholic beverages. The enforcement of the Volstead Act in the United States of America (USA) saw the nationwide beginning of the prohibition on the 16th of January 1920. The Prohibition brought about a change in attitude for the people of the United States (USA). It caused an extreme rise in crime; encouraging everyday people to break the law and increased the amount ofRead MoreRoaring Twenties in American Society After World War I. Essay645 Words   |  3 Pagesbecome involved until 1917. After World War I, American society changed greatly. A new era, the Roaring Twenties, found its way in America along with the arrival of the flappers (Roaring). Americans were introduced to new fashion styles, the prohibition and the Jazz Age (Fashion, Jazz). Controversy proved to be very prominent with the Scopes Trial (Scopes). As the war came to a close, the Roaring Twenties made its way into America. This time period brought many changes that were new to AmericansRead MoreThe Failed Experiment that Was Prohibition Essay689 Words   |  3 PagesProhibition In the 1920s, the 18th Amendment banned a persons right to manufacture and purchase liquor. Banning the transportation, manufacture,and sale of â€Å"intoxicating† beverages was known as prohibition, the most controversial law of that century. Prohibition was strongly supported by the government and women in America that were being abused. Important groups of that time being the â€Å"Dry’s† and the â€Å"Wet’s†. Opponents of prohibition consisted of men who felt that they deserved the right toRead More absolut Failure Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pages The 1920’s was a time of major social change in the United States. The social changes during this period are reflected in the laws and regulations that were implemented. One of the most prominent examples of this was prohibition. The 18th Amendment to the Constitution, or the Volsted act as it is also know, was implemented to eliminate the use of alcohol in the United States. In doing this, the advocates of prohibition hoped to also eradicate the social problems associated with alcohol. â€Å"It was

Policies Against the Jews Free Essays

Hitler was now in control of Europe with the start of World War II. Hitler’s discrimination against the Jews was now turning into downright control of the Jewish population as well as the rest of Europe. It started with the Nazi invasion of Poland. We will write a custom essay sample on Policies Against the Jews or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"The radical, planned programme of ‘ethnic cleansing’ that followed was authorized by Hitler himself (Kershaw 518). † From there, he and Nazi leaders began to dream up new ideas of how to approach the â€Å"Jewish Question. † The Nazi party had already attempted to pursue the Madagascar plan, which would deport all German Jews to the island of Madagascar, however this failed. Now Hitler had his eyes on the east; the Soviet Union to be exact. â€Å"He was now thinking about something else, not exactly more friendly (Kershaw 594). † Hitler was hinting at the takeover of the Soviet Union which was an inevitable event, and using this as a â€Å"dumping ground† for the Jews (Kershaw 594). † Hitler’s idea of what to do with the Jews was in no way a clear-cut vision. The recent invasion of Poland was an option for Hitler in the later months. For some time, there was uncertainty with what to do with the Jewish people and how they would complete their plan of ‘ethnic cleansing’ (Kershaw 521). In his Reichstag speech in October in 1940, Hitler also mentions the â€Å"ethnic resettlement as preparation for the ‘new order’ of ethnographical relations in former Poland (Kershaw 521). Poland would later be used as a place for Hitler to transport the Jews into concentration camps. Franz Rademacher, the new head of the Foreign Ministry’s ‘Jewish Desk’ had begun to devise options for solutions to the ‘Jewish Problem’ in the summer of 1940. He provided 3 options that included deporting the Jews to Western Europe, removing them from Europe entirely, or sending them all to Palestine. Complications would make it so that none of these options would work. Great Britain would have to be secured in order for the Madagascar plan to work and using Palestine was an unfavorable choice for the Nazi’s (Kershaw 578). In the meantime, Hitler was dealing with the British and Germany’s relations with the Soviet Union. The German’s and Soviet Union were now at a disagreement. This did not sit well with Hitler and he could see their relations with the Soviets slowly deteriorating (Kershaw584). Read also Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial Policies The increasingly hostile relations between the two countries were giving way for Hitler’s justification of Operation Barbarossa. Hitler’s plan to evacuate and eradicate the Jews started with Operation Barbarossa. This plan was to take over the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in order to have a place to â€Å"remove the Jews to†. Hitler was unsure of how well Operation Barbarossa was going to be executed. â€Å"Outwardly confident, he was inwardly less certain (Kershaw 589). † However unsure he was, this was going to be the plan to solve the â€Å"Jewish Question. The Nazi policies involving the Jewish people took a lot of time to finally complete. There were a lot of different options that Hitler and Nazi officials had discussed when attempting to find a solution to the â€Å"Jewish Question†, but ultimately, the final decision lie within the fate of Operation Barbarossa. It would be the success in the invasion of the Soviet Union that would determ ine the success of the relocation of the Jews in Europe. War was the only option that Hitler and the Nazi officials deemed reasonable for their final decision. Thus, Operation Barbarossa commenced. How to cite Policies Against the Jews, Papers

Sexual Orientation Discrimination free essay sample

Recommended Organizational Response † Projection about Future † Interview with Michael † † Embracing Differences † Conclusion References † Introduction About seven years ago I attended a twelve week training session for child care center directors sponsored by 4Cs Community Coordinated Child Care of Milwaukee. This twelve week Center Directors class focused on enhancement of leadership, staff development, diversity in the workplace, team building, and communicating effectively. The class participants in the class were from various child care centers throughout Wisconsin. During a class discussion a participant asked the instructor about handling an employee who was gay and wanted to wear makeup and womens clothing to work. Their main concern was the impression it would give the parents nd the children at the center. Many participated in the discussion explain how they would react to the situation. Some stating they would have never hired him in the first place while others gave personal views how homosexuality was wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual Orientation Discrimination or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The instructor explained to the class about discrimination and suggested she view their policy regarding dress code for the child care center. If there isnt a specific dress code outline in the policy it was possible to add a section relating to dress codes and distribute to all employees. After the instructors comments, a young lady began to speak and voiced her opinion about the discussion. She thanked the instructor for the way she handled the discussion and politely stated that she is a lesbian. I can remember almost everyones mouth dropped open and hung in awe. She continued stating that she felt offended by all the comments made in the discussion and even though everyone has their personal opinions sometimes its important to understand whos in the audience before you partake in any discussion that you dont have real about heterosexuals for their lifestyle therefore she would ask that the class get and understanding before Judging anyone. At the end of the conversation many felt shamed and embarrassed because their attitude toward homosexuality which was strictly based on their opinion or personal preference. Not everyone agrees with this lifestyle; however it is important to keep opinions to ourselves so that we dont offend nor discriminate against other because of their lifestyle, color, race, gender, religion, sex or any other thing that distinguish them from others. Unfortunately, sexual orientation discrimination is a serious issue today. Many people are treated different when they choose to be open about their sexual orientation or if someone assumes they know what ones sexual orientation is. This paper will discuss sexual orientation discrimination as a major issue in Human Resource Management. Information will be shared giving a background of the issue, key concepts, challenges the issues present for the organization, recommended organizational response and a projection about the future. Sexual Orientation Discrimination Everyone agrees that workplace discrimination has no place in the modern business world. But not everyone understands the laws that protect employees against discrimination. In this case, what you dont know can hurt you, especially if an aggrieved employee files a discrimination claim. Definition According to an article published by Workplace Fairness, a non-profit organization that provides information and education on employee rights, sexual orientation discrimination means treating someone differently solely because of his or her sexual orientation whether it be homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual. This discrimination may occur because of a perception of someone whether the perception is right or wrong. Someone who is discriminated against on the basis of sexual orientation may also be discriminated against or harassed on the basis of sex, gender identity, disability, such as actual or perceived HIV status, and/or marital status. This is very important to Human Resource Professionals because they are the ones that make sure organization objectives are being met, and policies are being followed. It is the Human Resource professionals that deal with staffing, compensation, safety and health, training and development as well as employee and labor relations issues. Therefore if any situations in the workplace occur relating to discrimination or harassment, including recruitment and interviewing the employee can talk to their companys HR personnel. If a person has questions concerning health insurance for artners, they can talk to HR personnel as well as any other benefit questions. Another concern of the HR personnel would be employees experiencing workplace violence due to their sexual orientation and complaints. and training staff to understand diversitiy and issues surrounding it The 1991 Act combined elements from two different civil rights acts of the past: the Civil Rights Act of 1866, better known by the number assigned to it in the codification of federal laws as Section 1981 and the employment-related provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, generally referred to as Title VI, its location within the Act. The two statutes, passed nearly a century apart, approached the issue of employment discrimination very differently: Section 1981 prohibited only discrimination based on race or color, while origin. Section 1981, which had lain dormant and unenforced for a century after its passage, allowed plaintiffs to seek compensatory damages and trial by Jury; Title VI, passed in the 1960s when it was assumed that Southern Juries could not render a fair verdict, allowed only trial by the court and provided for only traditional equitable remedies: backpay, reinstatement and injunctions against future acts of discrimination. By the time the 1991 Act was passed both allowed for an award of attorneys fees. There are several myths and facts that play a huge part in cultural homophobia, for example: Homosexuality is abnormal and sick, truth is according to the American Psychological Association, It is no more abnormal or sick to be homosexual than to be left handed. Homophobia, not homosexuality, is what needs to be cured Loving people of the same sex is immoral (sinful), but research shows many religious denominations do not believe this. What is universally understood is that intolerance and hatred is wrong Gay men are child molesters and recruit hildren into their life-style. Fact: By far, the majority of child molesters are heterosexual. There are no laws keeping heterosexuals away from children Bisexuals, lesbians and gays could change if they really wanted to; however, most studies indicate that those who are highly motivated to change their sexual preference may change their behavior, but not their underlying desire (orientation). In fact, it is often societal homophobia that forces people to attempt change. Therefore, energy should go into dismantling homophobia so that people will feel comfortable with their sexual orientation whether heterosexual, homosexual or isexual. (Clay, 2007) Workplace Homophobia Homophobia is also a problem that affects the workplace in a negative way. Homophobia in the workplace comes in many forms.

The Chrysalids The Importance Of Telepathy Essays -

The Chrysalids: The importance of telepathy Some people dream about having an ability to communicate through mental telepathy. Some even claimed to have this ability but it played an important role in the novel The Chrysalids. The author created an interesting environment. There was no communication and the only people who could communicate between each other were the ones that had the power of telepathy. Because in some areas the land was so dangerous because of the radiation that people were cut of from another and left on a small piece of land. They could not communicate. Though-shapes not only developed the plot of the story but greatly affected the lives of some characters and might affect Waknuk. We all know that people in Waknuk were very superstitious but did it actually help the plot to develop? On page 91 through 103 finally and idea gets out about some people being able to communicate through thought-shapes. When Katherine and Sally got caught and tortured they finally tell some of the names to the inspector. This forces David, Rosalind and Petra to runaway to the fringes, and they established some kind of contact with a woman from Sealant (Zealand, On page 134). The help that the sealant woman promised is on their way to the fringes. The plot is greatly influenced, David learns more things as the time goes on. He discovers who is the Spiderman(Gordon) and where is Sophie. He meets them and learn what it is like to live in the fringes. When the sealant woman rescues David, Rosalind and Petra they are brought to a big, developed city like the one in David's dreams. Because of the telepathy David discovers that such a city really exists but most of all through Petra they establish contact with a more civilized people than they are. Because of the conflicts in the story it leads the main characters to discover the sealant city. Telepathy not only affects the plot of the story but also the main characters in the novel. The most obvious thing is that David, Rosalind and Petra are saved. They have a chance to learn, experience new things they never saw or heard before. Mike and Rachel stays behind but hopes to come to the big city were things are different. Some characters died in the final chapter when the helicopter makes a landing killing everything that moves around it. The characters that died where: the spiderman (Gordon), David's father, Sophie and all the people from the fringes and Waknuk that where near the helicopter. Waknuk might be affected by the discovery of the sealant city because the reader finds out (in the final chapter) that the sealant city is very developed and people are better educated. They are also civilized and understand that Waknuk is a village cut off from the surroundings because of the radiation. If Waknuk will be helped as predicted it may become a big, civilized city like Zealand. The natives in Waknuk will stop thinking that Tribulation was sent by God and that all deviations are devil's creation. They might understand that the radiation might be the remaining of a nuclear bomb or nuclear war. The sealant people might help Waknuk in education and they themselves may build the machines like today's, and grow more productive crops. The entire thinking and appearance of Waknuk might change. On the other hand when the radiation will go away after a while the sealant people might go deeper and deeper into the surrounding land. Waknuk might be taken over by other cities because it could not and/or would not know how to compete with the cities. This also might depend on how are the Zealand people like. If they are so understanding and educated they will probably help Waknuk to develop, but if the people won't help then the `negative point' could be true. Many things can affect the plot of a story, the characters or the surroundings in a story. In this novel these three points were influenced by mental telepathy. This type of story could be an example how people were in the past (in the really world). It is an idea what could really happen if a nuclear war would become a reality.

Amish essays

Amish essays The Church Today and Tomorrow, edited by David Wieand, is a collection of papers from the Bethany Faculty Series. The main idea of this book is to look at the Brethren church and recognize the psychology and the meaning behind the Brethren ways. When the book talks about the church, it mentions that the Brethren church focuses on the New Testament. Jesus was more the source of spiritualism and moral truth (12). The book also states the churches view of church and state. The Brethren believe in peace, and of staying out of war. Many members have accepted military duty, though, and have developed a just war theory (37). Conflicts have arisen between the church and state during the past 100 years. The Brethren do believe in voting and in expressing opinions to the government. With this belief, the understanding of keeping church and state separate is still understood. Brethren try to work with the government to solve problems. The church is a follower of God first, and to th e country second (47). The Church Today and Tomorrow also looks at the downfalls of the church. Religious illiteracy is a major issue that is addressed and there are possible solutions to help fix this problem. A final focal point of this book is the mission of the Brethren church today. The church focuses on teaching the young about the Brethren religion and about teaching new members right from wrong according to Brethren beliefs. These were the main points that were picked up from reading this book edited by Wieand. The Amish was a more fun and interesting book for me to read. This narrative book tells stories about an Amish family, but along with this it tells a lot of about the Amish culture. The stories reveal differences between the several types of Amish (the strict conservatives and the more liberal groups). The Amish, like other Anabaptist groups, show their belief of adult baptism. The young Amish boy or girl does no...

Colorectal cancer target referralcancer detection rate and diagnostic Essay

Colorectal cancer target referralcancer detection rate and diagnostic efficacy of the criteria - Essay Example Etiology of colorectal carcinoma is not clear but a few etiological factors have been implicated. These are as under, 1. Geographic variations: The incidence of large bowel carcinoma shows wide variation throughout the world. It is much more common in North America, Northern Europe, then in South America, Africa, and Asia. Colorectal cancer is generally thought to be a disease of affluent societies because its incidence is directly correlated with the socioeconomic status of the countries. 2. Dietary factors: Diet plays a significant part in the causation of colorectal cancer. A low intake of vegetable fiber-diet leading to low stool bulk is associated with higher risk of colorectal carcinoma. Consumption of large amounts of fatty foods by populations results in excessive cholesterol and their metabolites which may be carcinogenic. Excessive consumption of refined carbohydrates that remain in contact with colonic mucosa for prolonged duration changes the bacterial flora of the bowel, thus resulting in production of carcinogenic substances. 3. Adeno-carcinoma sequence: There is strong evidence to suggest that colonic adenoma-carcinoma arises from pre-existing adenomas referred to as adeno-carcinoma sequence. Incidence of adenomas in population is directly proportional to the prevalence of colorectal cancer. 4. ... cular genetics have revealed that there are sequential multi-step mutations in evolution of colorectal cancer from adenomas by mechanisms such as -catenin mechanism and microsatellite instability mechanism. Distribution of the primary colorectal cancer reveals that about 60% of the cases occur in the rectum, followed in descending order, by sigmoid and descending colon (25%), caecum and ileocaecal valve (10%), ascending colon, hepatic and splenic flexures (5%); and quite uncommonly in the tranverse colon. Clinical symptoms in colorectal cancer appear after considerable time. These include occult bleeding, changes in bowel habits, loss of weight ( cachexia), loss of appetitie (anorexia), anemia, weakness, malaise. The most common complications are obstruction and hemorrhage; less often perforation and secondary infection may occur. The prognosis of colorectal cancer depends upon few variables such as extent of bowel movement, presence or absence of metastases, histological grade of tumor and location of the tumor. The most important prognostic factor in CRC is however, the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Three staging systems are in use. They include Duke's ABC staging, Astler - Coller Staging which is a further modification of Duke's Staging and TNM staging described by American Joint Committee (Mohan 601). The methods used in the diagnosis of CRC are as follows: Fecal Occult Blood Testing (FOBT) FOBT is one of the most effective methods for colorectal cancer screening. Reports reveala reduction in colorectal cancer mortality of 12%-33% in a long-term follow up available in four randomized controlled trials and three non-randomized trials of 330,000 and 200,000 individuals respectively. FOBT isvery acceptable as it is non-invasive,programme.

Organizational Change Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Organizational Change Master - Essay Example While it has many ramifications including corporate ones that need a greater degree of focus and analysis within the socio-economic environment in which the company operates, there is also the need for a more practical view of the challenges faced by the society. It's here that Unilever has succeeded. Many writers have defined the concept of sustainability in a variety of ways. However the definition given by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) is considered to be of prime importance - "Sustainability represents forms of progress that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs". Big organizations meet most of these constituent elements in its efforts to sustain the very environment in which they operate. Both the production process and the consumption process in the economy of a country are shaped by the innovative strengths and the subsequent summation of the "five basic sustainability principles" as enunciated by Buckminster Fuller (Dresner, 2002, p.37). They are the material domain, the economic domain, the domain of life, the social domain and the spiritual domain. According to Fuller the material domain is the central principle necessary for the regulation of the mobility of materials and en ergy that help to sustain life as it's. The economic domain serves as a main mechanism to husband wealth.On the other hand organizational change and sustainable development refers to a process in which individuals, processes, practices and whole organizations are transformed from their current position to a new desired position. According to Warren Bennis organizational development and sustainability is a complex strategic process in which attitudes, values, beliefs and the organizational structure are subject to change through adaptation to new challenges and techniques in equally new market segments. In other words it's a dynamic process intended to bring about systemic improvement and change. Thus organizational response to sustainability issues plays a very significant role here. The process of transformation from what an organization now is to a new dimensional growth trajectory is determined by how best change is accepted by the staff. AnalysisDuring the past two decades organizational change and sustainability has become a very important aspect in the modern day management practice. Change is more appropriate when everything else has failed to ensure the continuous survival of the business (Clark, 1999). However change and sustainability in itself might not be desirable when the degree of resistance to change becomes stronger because when resistance gathers momentum that in itself is an indicator of the existence of other solutions. If organizational change and development were focused on improving critical success factors related to financial management, Human Resource Management (HRM), employee relations, supply chain management, quality management, marketing and corporate social responsibility (CSR), then the organization would have to face considerable resistance.In the first

King James I of England Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

King James I of England - Research Paper Example Demonology has been defined as the study of demons or of demonic belief (Merriam-Webster). Demonology was a topic that had gained immense popularity by the 16th century. Therefore at the time when King James started his scholarly career in the study of demonology, a lot of literature regarding the topic already existed to provide assistance. As a subject, demonology was restricted to the elite while the poor merely stuck to their beliefs regarding the devil and its worshippers. King James’s interest in Demonology is said to have its roots in his visit to Denmark when he was going to see his future wife. On his visit, he met with the famous Danish demonologist Niels Hemmingsen, in 1589-1590. The idea of demonology was only remotely known in Scotland till it was taken interest in by King James; rather many of the scholars say that King James was the one who introduced the idea of Demonology in Scotland (Ryynà ¤nen, 1-39). King James was the only monarch in history to have studi ed and written a book on the subject of demonology. The title of the book was Daemonologie. Many scholars see the political inclinations of the book and argue that the third part of the book, with descriptions of the demons seems somewhat different than the first two parts and is thought to have been influenced by the political turmoil he had to face during the 1590s. On his visit to Denmark, King James was stuck in a terrible storm and that is what triggered his belief in the idea of witchcraft and demonology.

Why Aristotle Sees Moral Virtue

Why Aristotle Sees Moral Virtue Aristotle claims we become just by doing just acts, temperate by doing temperate acts, brave by doing brave acts. (p120). How does he establish this, and what does it tell us about virtue, and the goal of human life. In this paper I will make discuss why Aristotle sees moral virtue as something which must be taught through emulation of role models, rather than learnt through detached methods. I will then extrapolate what Aristotles claim tells us about moral virtue, and what this means for the goal of a human life. Before I begin to determine what Aristotles claim tells us about virtue, and means for the goal of human life, I will reconstruct how Aristotle arrives at his conclusion. In Book II, chapter I Aristotle begins by defining exactly what he believes virtue to be. Aristotle sees virtue as, being of two kinds, intellectual and moral, intellectual virtue in the main owes both its birth and its growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time), while moral virtue comes about as a result of habit (Aristotle 120). Essentially Aristotle is of the opinion that we are taught intellectual virtue, and we are habituated through repeated exposure to displays of moral virtue by moral role models. Aristotle next contends that moral virtues are not imbedded in us naturally, noting, nothing that exists by nature can form a habit contrary to its nature (Aristotle 120). Aristotle claims that we are constituted by nature to receive moral virtues, but that their full development in us is due to habit. Essentially, we are not born with moral virtue, but it is natural for us to become moral through the emulation of the morality of others. Aristotle moves on to propose the crux of his views on moral virtue, that we develop moral virtues by observing others, and then practicing them. In order to convince the reader of this, he introduces the analogy of the Arts in order to make his case for moral virtue, using the two examples of building and lyre-playing. For things that we have to learn by doing, he says, we learn by doing. Aristotle then delivers his argument that, men become builders by building and lyre players by playing the lyre ; so too we become just by doing just acts, temperate by doing temperate acts, brave by doing brave acts (Aristotle 120). Aristotle offers support for this view by introducing the example of legislation in the contemporary Greek city-states. Aristotle argues that legislators make their citizens good by habituation, which he feels should be the intention of every legislator. Those who do not carry out this habituation of their citizens fail in their goals. Essentially, Aristotle feels that under a good constitution, legislators pass laws that habituate the citizens to behave morally. According to Aristotle, this is what makes the difference between a good constitution and a bad one. Aristotle further purports that like activities produce like dispositions. As a result, he feels that we must give our activities a certain quality, as it is the characteristics of the activity that determine the resulting dispositions. Aristotle expresses this sentiment by claiming that, it is from playing the lyre that both good and bad lyre-players are produced (Aristotle 121). It is essential that good habits be instilled in a person from early youth, he claims, so it is a matter of great importance what sort of habits we form from the earliest age. Aristotle goes as far as to say that, it makes a very great difference, or rather all the difference in the world (Aristotle 121). I will now move on to a discussion of what Aristotles declaration tells us about virtue, and what it suggests that the goal of human life be. Aristotle tells us that virtues cannot be passions, because we are not praised or blamed for the way we feel, but instead are praised or blamed for our virtues this is because our feelings arise more or less involuntarily in response to circumstances (Aristotle 123). Aristotles reason for denying that virtues are faculties is similar. Part of a persons faculties consist of his or her ability to feel anger, however, we do not praise or blame people for having the ability to feel anger instead we often praise people for tending to manifest their ability to feel anger when, and only when, the circumstances call for it (Aristotle 123). Aristotle concludes that virtues must therefore be states of character. By understanding that moral virtues are states of character, Aristotle presents us with a picture of what virtues are. Aristotle tells us that moral virtues are states of character lying at the mean between extremes of excess and deficiency. The view that virtues lie at the mean between the two extremes is intended to help us identify which states of character are the virtuous ones. Both excess and deficiency in the practice of a virtue can result in its destruction while the practice of the mean between them can preserve it. The virtuous state of character will therefore be a tendency to feel and react to circumstances in an appropriate manner and to an appropriate degree (Aristotle 126). Aristotle however, does not tell us just what circumstances warrant what degree of passion with respect to virtues, or what degree of action is appropriate under which circumstances. Common sense suggests that there should be some leeway for judging the deviation from the mean towards excess or def iciency, and that our behaviour must be suited to the particular circumstances as best we see fit given our understanding of intellectual virtue. Not all states of character can be construed as virtuous however. Aristotle notes that there are acts and characteristics that are truly evil and have no intermediate degrees. Aristotle expresses this by declaring that, every action or feeling admits of a mean; because some have names that directly connote depravity, such as malice, shamelessness and envy, and among actions adultery, theft and murder (Aristotle 125). Aristotles theory of moral virtue contends that our ultimate purpose or goal in life should be to reach eudaimonia, the state of moral happiness. However, to reach this state of happiness requires the ability to function according to both our virtues and our sense of innate reason. By using principles of both the intellectual and moral virtue, which becomes habit upon practice and imitation, we must learn to make decisions that are right and just-not necessarily for our own personal benefit, but simply because we possess an understanding that something is the right course of action. Without having these two aspects of morality work together, obtainment of eudaimonia is impossible. In summary, it is our understanding of intellectual virtue (which we learn from others) that allows us to perceive what is right while our display of moral virtue aids us in carrying out what we know to be the correct and just course of action. One of the most important ideas which Aristotle expresses in his Nicomachean Ethics is the need to strike a balance between extremes in behaviour, thought, and action. In his attempt to explain moral virtue and, eudaimonia which is the central goal of human life Aristotle describes the importance of finding a middle ground in ones life or, achieving a balance. To achieve these aims and reach eudaimonia, Aristotle declares that we must do the right thing because it is right, not because there is a personal stake in terms of the future possibility of pleasure or pain (Aristotle 126-127). Essentially, what is morally right or wrong is something that we can understand through intellectual virtue, and we can apply this knowledge of moral behaviour through our practice and habituation of moral virtues. In conclusion, Aristotle arrives at his claim that we become just by doing just acts, temperate by doing temperate acts, brave by doing brave acts by offering an analogy of the Arts. By utilizing the example of a lyre-player, Aristotle shows that one can only become proficient in their actions, including the expression of moral virtues, by observing others actions and then practicing. Moral virtues, for Aristotle, are to be distinguished from intellectual virtues. Moral virtue has to do with feeling, choosing, and acting well. Intellectual virtue is identified as a kind of wisdom acquired by teaching. Aristotle is vehement in his belief that moral virtues are not imbedded in us naturally and that we must acquire them by habituation that this acquisition come during early childhood is of extreme importance in his mind. Aristotle tells us that moral virtue is displayed as the intermediate condition between excess and deficiency with respect to a persons feelings and actions. According Aristotles theory of moral virtue, the goal of human life should therefore be to achieve eudaimonia, which can be acquired by an intellectual understanding of what is right and wrong, and the striking of a balance between extremes in behaviour, thought, and action.

Beware of Lifes Illusions Essay -- Personal Essays

"I've looked at life from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It's life's illusions I recall I really don't know life at all" -- From the song, Both Sides, Now, by Joni Mitchell "Meaningless! Meaningless! says the Teacher. "Utterly meaningless! Everything is meaningless1...I have seen all the things that are done under the sun; all of them are meaningless, a chasing after the wind2." The words struck me like a slap to the face. Their truth, cold as ice, was suddenly clear to me. All the things I had been striving for, success, fame, fortune, even the very human desire to be popular with my peers, they are all but chasing after the wind. They can never be caught. The moment you think you have them they go twirling off in some new direction. We had been invited to a fall get together at a friend's house. As we drove to the party, there was a deer, newly dead lying alongside the road. It's once graceful form, now lay in a crumpled heap, seemingly cast aside, like an unwanted rag doll. The flies were already striving to commit it's body t...

Water Shortage

Question: Evaluate viable solutions to the problem of water shortage in Australia. Water is the resource which is under increasing stress for most countries, especially for the developing countries. Australia is one of the experiencing typical water shortage countries. In Australia, in the recent years, water scarcity is a controversial and high-concerned issue since the global warming, land desertification, population growth, increasing use of hydropower and irrigation factors have intensified the water shortage phenomenon and affected the life quality of citizens.This essay will evaluate viable solutions to the problem of water shortage in Australia. It will examine the recycling water approach and changing the agriculture cultivating methods to address the problem. Firstly, the recycling water approach is a current useful strategy to help Australian to alleviate the water shortage pressure. Recycling water is the water that has been derived from sewerage systems or industry proces ses and has been treated to a standard safety level for usage.This water recycling approach is a viable and useful method as the wastewater resource is undefined and this method can provide the sustainable water supply for industries and daily life usage. Furthermore, recycling water system costs less expenditure than other methods and it can take the long term profit. Therefore, recycling water is a efficient approach to help the Australia government to address the water scarcity.Another alleviation strategy should be changing the agriculture cultivating methods. As research showed that nearly 91% of water consumption in Australia is used for irrigation, changing the agriculture growing way from hydrological style to low water demand farming form is essential. In addition, the new farming form can also take high economic profits because it rely on less water and increase product quantities.Therefore, changing the farming methods is another important strategy to face the water short age problem. In conclusion, water scarcity is a big challenge for all of countries in the world as well as for Australia. Adopting both of solutions that are recycling water and changing the farming form is a viable strategy to address the water scarcity problem. If not, it may cause more water usage pressure for the government.

Cultural Diversity in Music and its positive and negative effects on Society Essay

American music is a melting pot of various genres of music. From the times when the country was colonized American music has come a long way. Rock and Roll, Hip-hop, Rhythm and Blues, Jazz and Country are among the internationally renowned genres. The more indigenous genres include Gospel, Louisiana tejoles, and Hawaiian music and American Folk music. Music intertwines with various aspects of American identity such as race, ethnicity, gender and social class. Of these race is perhaps the biggest driver of any particular genre of music. Hip-hop, jazz, soul and R&B have long been considered as an African –American tradition as has the country music genre been the tradition of whites in America. The mixing of cultures from has permeated popular culture in an unprecedented fashion. Because of its crossover appeal, music is a great unifier of diverse populations. It has gone from the fringes, to the suburbs, and into the corporate boardrooms. Over the last forty or fifty years music has been one of the biggest influential factors in teenage society. So, there’s no problem in assuming that our present adult society is built with some of the ideas taken from the music industry of the yesteryears. Positive Effects: Music in America has and continues to play a very positive role in the society. The emergence of folk music during the 20th century, and particularly the rise of popular folk music of the 1960’s, is probably the best example of music affecting society. The Civil Rights Movement was in full swing and the largely unpopular war in Vietnam was well underway. Folk music is, inherently, music played and sung by and for everyday people—music for the masses, so to speak. Naturally, when a culture becomes aware of radical changes that awareness gives way through expression. Folk singer and songwriter Woody Guthrie began writing â€Å"protest music† and songs in support of popular movements of the day. Other folk singers such as Bob Dylan and Joan Baez followed suit. For the first time, music was not only a vehicle for expression, but it was also a way to mobilize and inspire listeners to think differently and take action. Country music typically embodied idealistic thinking, shunning capitalism and material comforts. It is about everyday people doing everyday things-the bars they go to, the people they have lost, their dreams, their loves, and their friends. Country gives people something to relate to besides urban hip-hop, rap, heavy metal, and pop. As far as society as a whole, for the most part country singers are considered fairly wholesome-they aren’t in the tabloids for drugs and explicitly wanton behavior (not saying they don’t & they are all perfect! ) but their images tend to be cleaner than musicians belonging to other genres so it gives the younger generations people to look up to. Both Hip-Hop and R&B have impacted society in many ways, mainly well. R&B and Hip-Hop have, in their own way, addressed the challenges of African-American individuals, provided help and strength, and left an impact that has been widely debated throughout the years. Many people equate gangsta rap and other isolated artists or songs with all rap and, even worse, Hip-hop in general. This is a huge fallacy because 90% of rap is either something that helps society or at least something that doesn’t hurt it. Consider, for example, feminist rap. Feminist rap goes against any misogyny in other types of rap and forces society – especially men who objectify women—to take a step back and see that what is going on in the cases of gangsta rap is wrong. Another example of a form of rap that helps society is political rap. Political rap from artists such as Public Enemy encourage the black community to stand up for their rights and to become politically active so that they do not get taken advantage of. Rock musicians too have sometimes attempted to address social issues directly as commentary or as calls to action. During the Vietnam War the first rock protest songs were heard, inspired by the songs of folk musicians such as Woody Guthrie and Bob Dylan, which ranged from abstract evocations of peace Peter, Paul, and Mary’s â€Å"If I Had a Hammer† to blunt anti-establishment diatribes Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young’s â€Å"Ohio†. Other musicians, notably John Lennon and Yoko Ono, were vocal in their anti-war sentiment both in their music and in public statements Negative Effects: The introduction of rock and roll music in the 1950’s brought with it the fear that its lyrics and new rhythms would adversely affect young listeners. That fear has carried over into the twenty-first century, but now the criticism is focused primarily on heavy metal and rap. It has been suggested that the lyrics in these types of music promote aggression, bigotry, deviant sexual activity, suicide, violence, drug use, and homicide. This issue also arises in the field of medicine. The American Academy of Pediatrics fears that rock lyrics are potential threats to the health and well being of adolescents. These concerns include pregnancy, drug use, sexually transmitted diseases, accidents, and suicide. Rap music is infamous for its inflammatory remarks towards women. Thus the two most popular forms of music for adolescents revolve around themes of disrespect and sexual imagery. Furthermore, the effects music lyrics have on mood, suicidal ideation, aggression, and stereotyping have been questioned. The massive popularity and worldwide scope of rock and roll resulted in an unprecedented level of social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language in a way few other social developments have equaled. From its beginnings, rock and roll has been associated with youth, rebellion, and anti-establishment. The blend of black influences, suggestive lyrics, and wild response by the younger set made rock and roll appalling and threatening to the older generation. The ability to shock the elders in turn became part of the appeal of the music to young generations. The rock and roll lifestyle was popularly known as being associated with sex and drugs. Many of rock and roll’s early stars (as well as their jazz and blues counterparts) were known as hard-drinking, hard-living characters; during the 1960s a decadent rock lifestyle became more publicly known, aided by the growth of the underground rock press which documented such excesses, often in exploitative fashion. Conclusion: The impact of American music on society is definitely a positive one. An artist’s music can be positive through lyrics by saying all the things the person listening wants to say. It can also inspire other people to do good things such as the song Imagine by the Beatles. Music enhances creativity. Writers block, it is said, can be cured by a bout of music listening. Although there has been a great deal of negativity that has centered on music, the positive far outweighs the negative. The negative effects of some genres of music, which are the commercialization of music, the loss of creative edge, and the sex, violence and misogyny, are over shadowed by positive effects like political awareness, societal awareness, anti-sexism, and racial awareness. References: 1. How Music Affects Society http://www. musicguidebook. com/articles/how-music-affects-society 2. Cultural Diversity in Music http://www. areditions. com/rr/index/set_musa. html 3. Effect of Rap and Heavy metal http://library. wcsu. edu/dspace/bitstream/0/35/1/tropeano. pdf

Free PDF Library for Delphi Developers

Free PDF Library for Delphi Developers Are you developing a Delphi application with a task to do PDF document manipulations? Portable Document Format, PDF, is a file format created by Adobe for document exchange. While there are many (commercial) Delphi libraries designed to help you create PDF and/or manipulate PDF documents, if you only need to load an existing PDF document, get the information from it (number of pages, security, is it linearized) and even write some information to it (set page size, add text, add graphics), you might want to take a look at the Quick PDF Library Lite version. Quick PDF Library Lite offers a subset of the functionality found in Quick PDF Library - a royalty-free PDF developer SDK. Whats more: Quick PDF Library Lite is available as an ActiveX component and works with C, C, C#, Delphi, PHP, Visual Basic, VB.NET, ASP, PowerBASIC, Pascal or any other language that supports ActiveX. Heres a short list of the supported functions in Quick PDF Library Lite (names would give you the clue of the actual usage): AddImageFromFile, AddLinkToWeb, AddStandardFont, DocumentCount, DrawImage, DrawText, FindImages, GetInformation, HasFontResources, ImageCount, ImageHeight, ImageWidth, Linearized, LoadFromFile, NewDocument, NewPage, PageCount, PageHeight, PageRotation, PageWidth, RemoveDocument, SaveToFile, SecurityInfo, SelectDocument, SelectedDocument, SelectFont, SelectImage, SelectPage, SetInformation, SetOrigin, SetPageSize, SetPageDimensions, SetTextAlign, SetTextColor, SetTextSize. Note: the Lite version of Quick PDF Library comes as an ActiveX component. You need to register the ActiveX library with Windows, using the following command:regsvr32 \QuickPDFLite0719.dll Next, heres a simple usage example: uses ComObj;procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);var QP: Variant;begin QP : CreateOleObject(QuickPDFLite0719.PDFLibrary); QP.DrawText(100, 500, Hello World!); QP.SaveToFile(c:\test.pdf); QP : Unassigned;end;

Department roles Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Department roles - Assignment Example HIM functionalities can develop financial and medical performance and also reinforce the overall obedience with rules, regulations and standards. To be precise, the key roles of HIM in an organization are: To deliver support for reliability of information, comprising authentication of daily registration of clients, observation of information regarding every admission of clients and analysis of data entry errors Modern HIM department continues to manage medical records or functions of information collection, information discharge and information storage. Modern HIM department is a completely integrated section, which takes into concern certain significant aspects like coding, situation management, operation review, medical record management, internal along with external audits and traditional HIM activities under one single umbrella. It would be vital to mention in this similar concern that modern HIM leverages natural interactions and improves overall communication associated with medical records along with medical procedures. HIM serves as a source of business record for healthcare organizations and assists in making effective decisions. Furthermore, HIM department also assists in educating physicians regarding improvement in medical practices (Hathorn and Thomas, â€Å"Leveraging Your HIM Department: The Compliance Connection†). HIM department is generally comprised of long hierarchical structure. At the top of the department is the Chief Medical Director who oversees all the operations of HIM. Under the Director, there lay operational assistants and compliance coordinators as well as managers performing diversified roles and duties. Following is the organizational structure of a HIM department. Hathorn, Patsy and Eugenia Stark Thomas. Leveraging Your HIM Department: The Compliance Connection. From Audit to Action: Tips for Managing the Organization’s Response, n.d. Web. 26 Jun. 2014.

Does New Institutional Economics Helps a Business in Assessing Risk of Assignment - 1

Does New Institutional Economics Helps a Business in Assessing Risk of Foreign Direct Investment - Assignment Example In order to fully understand and analyze the role of new institutional economics (NIE) in risk assessment of foreign direct investment (FDI), we first need to develop a sound understanding of the new institutional economics and various aspects of foreign direct investment. In this paper I will discuss what is New Institutional Economics and its background; and how it is dissimilar from traditional economics. Its various impacts and demands will also be discussed. I will also discuss help of NIE in finding solutions which were previously unresolved. What change in a system is required for its implementation? NIE is not without its shortcomings it also poses some problems. In this paper, we will try to analyze the impact of NIE on foreign direct investment. Does NIE help in any way assessing the risk associated with foreign direct investment? The term new institutional economics was invented by Oliver Williamson in 1990’s. It now refers to various active theoretical currents which belief in the importance of institutions. They also believe 1(Barnard Chavance, 2009) that importance of institutions can also be analyzed with the instruments of standard economic theory with some adjustments. He emphasized on the absence of the existence of the firms in the conventional economics. He uses the cost of using the price mechanism as his basis. The search of appropriate prices and negotiation of separate contracts can be costly for individuals. Hence an individual volunteers himself under the authority of an organization or entrepreneur to sell his services to the market. Hence market transactions are eliminated and firm replaces the market thus economizing the cost of price determination. He developed the concept of transaction cost. Differing cultural values provide an advantage. The nature of the labour force shows that the cost of overcoming the difference in culture is sometimes worth the cost because of other benefits.  Ã‚